Which aspect of biotechnology deals specifically with the restoration of ecosystems?

The correct answer, focused on environmental biotechnology, pertains to the branch of biotechnology that is dedicated to restoring and maintaining healthy ecosystems. This field employs biotechnological methods and organisms for activities such as bioremediation, which involves using microorganisms to degrade environmental contaminants, and phytoremediation, where plants are used to absorb and detoxify pollutants from soil and water.

Environmental biotechnology is critical in addressing issues like pollution, habitat destruction, and the effects of climate change, ultimately aiming to restore ecosystems to their natural state or improve their resilience. It encompasses a wide range of applications, from waste treatment to the rehabilitation of damaged environments, highlighting its essential role in sustainable development and conservation efforts.

The other branches of biotechnology mentioned focus on different areas: clinical biotechnology is concerned with medical applications like drug development, industrial biotechnology focuses on the use of bioprocesses for manufacturing, and agricultural biotechnology is aimed at enhancing crop yield and resistance in farming practices. Each has its specializations, but environmental biotechnology is the one that directly relates to the restoration of ecosystems.