What type of analysis often follows the amplification of DNA using PCR?

The analysis that often follows the amplification of DNA using PCR is gel electrophoresis. This technique is used to separate and visualize the amplified DNA fragments based on their size. After PCR, gel electrophoresis allows biotechnicians to assess the effectiveness of the amplification and confirm the presence of the target DNA by providing a visual representation of the DNA bands.

Gel electrophoresis operates by applying an electric current to a gel matrix, which causes the negatively charged DNA fragments to migrate toward the positive electrode. Smaller fragments move faster than larger ones, allowing for their separation. By comparing the band pattern to a DNA ladder or marker, one can determine the size of the PCR products, which is crucial for verifying the success of the amplification and for subsequent analyses, such as cloning or sequencing.

The other options, while related to molecular biology, do not typically follow PCR in routine practice. For instance, protein quantification involves measuring protein concentrations, RNA sequencing analyzes RNA, and chromatography is used for separating mixtures but not directly following DNA amplification.