What is the purpose of using a chromatography technique?

The purpose of using a chromatography technique is to separate mixtures into their individual components based on different affinities. This technique is widely employed in various fields such as biochemistry, analytical chemistry, and environmental monitoring, allowing scientists to analyze complex mixtures by separating them into their constituent parts.

Chromatography operates on the principles of partitioning or adsorption, which means that components of a mixture will adhere to a stationary phase and move at different rates when a mobile phase is passed through or along this stationary phase. This results in the components of the mixture being separated as they travel along the medium. Each substance's unique chemical properties, such as size, charge, or polarity, dictate how quickly it moves through the chromatography medium, thereby achieving the separation.

While measuring concentration, amplifying DNA, and identifying unknown compounds are essential techniques in biotechnical applications, the core function of chromatography specifically focuses on separation. Therefore, this option accurately reflects the primary goal of the chromatography technique.