What does CRISPR technology enable scientists to do?

CRISPR technology enables scientists to make precise modifications to DNA sequences, which is a fundamental aspect of genetic engineering. This capability is achieved through the use of a guide RNA that directs the Cas9 enzyme to a specific location in the genome. Once the enzyme binds to the target DNA, it creates a double-strand break, allowing for either the knocking out of genes or the introduction of new genetic material through the cell’s natural repair processes. This level of precision is crucial for applications such as gene therapy, agriculture, and studying gene function, making CRISPR a groundbreaking tool in molecular biology and biotechnology.

Other options like measuring RNA concentration or visualizing cellular structures pertain to different techniques and tools in molecular biology, such as qPCR for RNA measurement or microscopy for visualization. Amplifying genetic material is typically done through methods like PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction), which serves a distinct purpose separate from what CRISPR is designed to achieve.